‘Impersonal’ and ‘reflexive’ constructions: Verb features peculiar to Old and Middle English

When Old English appeared in a written form for the first time, it had already lost inflections like optative, hortative, perfective, passive, etc. Making up these morphological forms, started, again before was and preserved, using periphrastic expressions with modal auxiliaries, habban, beon/wesan, utan, ongan, Without having middle voice, used ‘impersonal’ ‘reflexive’ constructions (the single quotes mean that they included quasi-impersonals quasi-reflexives real sense of words). In this paper I focus on some such verbs as lician, lystan, sceamian,þyncan wer(g)ian their native and/or loan synonyms (dis)plesen, joien, remembren, repenten, semen, Middle so to maintain peculiar features reflect compensatory devices function appearance English.